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Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang

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This article is about the party in the People's Republic of China. For the political party active in the Republic of China (Taiwan), see Kuomintang.
  • Revolutionary Committee
  • of the Chinese Kuomintang
中国国民党革命委员会
AbbreviationRCCK
ChairmanZheng Jianbang
Founded1 January 1948; 76 years ago (1948-01-01)
Split fromKuomintang (left-wing faction)
Headquarters
Newspaper
  • Tuanjie Bao (Unity Daily)
  • Tuanjie (Unity)
Membership (2022)158,000
IdeologySocialism with
Chinese characteristics
National People's Congress (14th)
41 / 2,977
NPC Standing Committee
6 / 175
Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
65 / 544
(Seats for political parties)
Website
www.minge.gov.cn Edit this at Wikidata
Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese中国国民党革命委员会
Traditional Chinese中國國民黨革命委員會
Literal meaning"Revolutionary Committee of the Nationalist Party of China"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó Guómíndǎng Gémìngwěiyuánhuì
Bopomofo[ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄤˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄨㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ] Error: {{Transliteration}}: transliteration text not Latin script (help)
Wade–GilesChung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3 Ko2-ming4-wei3-yüan2-hui4
Tongyong PinyinJhongguó Gúo-mín-dǎng Gé-mìng-wěi-yuán-huèi
IPA[ʈʂʊ́ŋ.kwǒ kwǒ.mǐn.tàŋ kɤ̌.mîŋ.wèɪ.ɥɛ̌n.xwêɪ]
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingzung1 gwok3 gwok3 man4 dong2 gaak3 ming6 wai2 jyun4 wui6
IPA[tsʊŋ˥ kʷɔk̚˧ kʷɔk̚˧ mɐn˩ tɔŋ˧˥ kak̚˧ mɪŋ˨ wɐj˧˥ jyn˩ wuj˨]
Abbreviation
Chinese民革
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinMín'gé
Wade–GilesMinko
Tibetan name
Tibetanཀྲུང་གོ་གོ་མིན་ཏང་གསར་བརྗེ་ཨུ་ཡོན་ལྷན་ཁང
Transcriptions
Wyliekrung go go min tang gsar brje u yon lhan khang
Zhuang name
ZhuangCunghgoz Gozminzdangj Gwzming Veijyenzvei
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicДундад улсын гоминдангийн хувьсгалын зөвлөл
Mongolian scriptᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ
Uyghur name
Uyghurجۇڭگو گومىنداڭ ئىنقىلابىي كومىتېتى‎
Transcriptions
Latin YëziqiJunggo gomindang inqilabiy komitéti
Yengi YeziⱪJunggo gomindang inqilabiy komitéti
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᠮᡳᠨᡬᡝ
RomanizationMing'e

The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK; also commonly known, especially when referenced historically, as the Left Kuomintang or Left Guomindang), commonly abbreviated in Chinese as Minge (民革), is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.

It was founded in January 1948, during the height of the Chinese Civil War, by members of the left-wing of the Kuomintang (KMT), especially those who were against Chiang Kai-shek's policies. The first chairman of the party was General Li Jishen, a senior Nationalist military commander who had many disputes with Chiang over the years, while Soong Ching-ling (the widow of Sun Yat-sen) was named Honorary Chairwoman. Other early leading members were Wang Kunlun, Cheng Qian, He Xiangning and Tao Zhiyue. The party claims to be the true heir of Sun Yat-sen's legacy and his Three Principles of the People. In December 2022, the party had around 158,000 members. Its membership mostly consists of people with historical ties to the KMT and Taiwan.

Among the official political parties of the People's Republic of China, the Revolutionary Committee is officially ranked second after the CCP, being the first-ranking minor party. It also owns numerous assets, some formerly owned by the Kuomintang, throughout mainland China. The Revolutionary Committee operates a range of party-owned institutions, such as party schools.[citation needed] The RCCK currently has 41 seats in the National People's Congress, 6 seats in the NPC Standing Committee and 65 seats in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Its current chairman is Zheng Jianbang.

History

[edit]

After the end of World War II, the relationship between the Kuomintang and the CPC, who had allied to fight the Japanese, became increasingly tense; ultimately, both sides restarted the civil war, which World War II had interrupted. In 1945 and 1946, members of the Kuomintang's left formed the Three Principles of the People Confederation of Comrades and the Kuomintang Democratic Promotion Association in Chongqing and Guangzhou, respectively.[citation needed]

In November 1947, the first joint representative meeting of the Kuomintang left was held in Hong Kong; on 1 January 1948, the meeting announced the official establishment of the "Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee", and nominated Soong Ching-ling, the widow of Sun Yat-sen, as the Honorary Chairwoman of the Revolutionary Committee (despite Soong Ching-ling never formally joining the commission).[1][2][3]

Chairman Li Jishen, He Xiangning, and Feng Yuxiang were selected as the central leadership of the organization.[4][non-primary source needed] In 1949, Li Jishen and other representatives of the RCCK were invited by the CPC to participate in Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.[1]

People's Republic of China

[edit]
The third session of the 2nd Central Committee of the RCCK in 1953.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in October 1949, members of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee maintained positions in the municipal and central governments.[4][non-primary source needed]

In November 1949, the second congress of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee was held in Beijing. At the second congress, the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, Chinese Nationalist Democratic Promotion Association, the Comrades of the Three Peoples Principles, and other members of the Kuomintang's left wing agreed to merge and form the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang.[4][non-primary source needed]

Soong Ching-ling served as the Vice Chairwoman of the People's Republic of China and Honorary Chairwoman of the People's Republic of China. Li Jishen served as Vice Chairman of the Central People's Government and Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission.[citation needed]

Today, the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang focuses on improving relations with the Kuomintang on Taiwan, and its membership mainly consists of the descendants of Kuomintang revolutionaries.[4][5][better source needed] It recruits members with current ties to Taiwan who support Chinese unification.[6]

Organization

[edit]
The headquarters of the Central Committee of the RCCK

The RCCK is one of the eight minor parties under the leadership of the CCP.[7] The highest body of the RCCK officially is the National Congress, which is held every five years. The 14th National Congress, held in December 2022, was the most recently held Party Congress.[8] The National Congress elects the Central Committee of the RCCK.

According to its constitution, the RCCK is officially committed to socialism with Chinese characteristics and upholding the leadership of the CPC.[9][10] Among the official political parties of the PRC, the Revolutionary Committee is officially ranked second after the CCP, being the first-ranking minor party.[11]

Central Committee

[edit]

The Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang is the highest body of the RCCK between National Congresses. It has six working departments:[12]

  • General Office
  • Organization Department
  • Propaganda Department
  • Liaison Department
  • Social Services Department
  • Research Department.

The Central Committee additionally owns the newspapers Unity Daily (团结报; Tuánjié Bào) and Unity (团结; Tuánjié).[13] The Central Committee is headed by a chairperson, who is assisted by several vice chairpersons. The current leaders of the RCCK are:[citation needed]

RCCK Central Committee Chairman

[edit]

RCCK Central Committee Vice Chairpersons

[edit]
  • He Baoxiang (First-ranking)
  • Liu Jiaqiang
  • Li Huidong
  • Tian Hongqi
  • Wang Hong
  • Feng Gong
  • Wu Jing
  • Ouyang Zehua
  • Gu Zhenchun
  • Chen Xingying

Membership

[edit]

According to the State Council Information Office, the RCCK consists "mainly of people who have links with the KMT, have historical and social connections with the committee, or have relationships with Taiwan compatriots, along with specialists in social and legal affairs, and in business relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people".[14] In December 2022, the party had around 158,000 members.[15]

Historical leaders

[edit]

Chairpersons of the Central Committee

[edit]
No. Chairperson Took office Left office Ref.
1 Li Jishen

李济深

January 1948 October 1959 [citation needed]
2 He Xiangning

何香凝

August 1960 September 1, 1972 [citation needed]
3 Zhu Yunshan

朱蕴山

October 1979 April 30, 1981 [citation needed]
4 Wang Kunlun

王昆仑

September 9, 1981 August 23, 1985 [citation needed]
5 Qu Wu

屈武

September 1985 December 1987 [citation needed]
6 Zhu Xuefan

朱学范

December 1987 December 1992 [citation needed]
7 Li Peiyao

李沛瑶

December 1992 February 2, 1996 [citation needed]
8 He Luli

何鲁丽

November 11, 1996 December 15, 2007 [citation needed]
9 Zhou Tienong

周铁农

December 15, 2007 December 18, 2012 [citation needed]
10 Wan Exiang

万鄂湘

December 18, 2012 March 18, 2018 [citation needed]
11 Zheng Jianbang

郑建邦

December 10, 2022 Incumbent [16]

Honorary Chairpersons of the Central Committee

[edit]
  1. Song Qingling (宋庆龄), 1948–1949
  2. Qu Wu (屈武), 1988–1992
  3. Zhu Xuefan (朱学范), 1992–1996
  4. Hou Jingru (侯镜如), 1992–1994
  5. Sun Yueqi (孙越崎), 1992–1995

Chairpersons of provincial committees

[edit]

Electoral history

[edit]

National People's Congress elections

[edit]
Election year Number of seats
2017–18
43 / 2,970
2022–23
41 / 2,977

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Zhōngguó guómíndǎng gémìng wěiyuánhuì" 中国国民党革命委员会 [The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang]. SCUT. South China University of Technology. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  2. ^ Andreyev, S. P. (7 July 1949). Democratic parties and groups in the Preparatory Committee to convene a Political Consultative Conference (Report). Translated by Goldberg, Gary. Cold War International History Project. Retrieved 18 March 2021 – via Wilson Center.
  3. ^ "Song Qingling". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d "Zhōngguó guómíndǎng gémìng wěiyuánhuì jiǎnjiè" 中国国民党革命委员会简介 [Introduction to the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 9 April 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  5. ^ Yan, Yan; Qin, Hua, eds. (16 September 2019). "Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Gémìng Wěiyuánhuì Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì zhǔxí Wàn Èxiāng jìyǔ Xīn Zhōngguó chénglì 70 zhōunián" 中国国民党革命委员会中央委员会主席万鄂湘 寄语新中国成立70周年 [Wan Exiang, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, sent a message to the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China]. People's Daily. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019.
  6. ^ "The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (RCCK) - China Yearbook 2004". State Council of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  7. ^ Lawrence, Susan V.; Martin, Michael F. (20 March 2013). "Understanding China's Political System" (PDF). Federation of American Scientists. Congressional Research Service. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 March 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  8. ^ "Chinese KMT Revolutionary Committee convenes 14th national congress | english.scio.gov.cn". english.scio.gov.cn. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  9. ^ 民革第十三次全国代表大会暨民革成立70周年纪念大会在京开幕 王沪宁代表中共中央致贺词-人民资讯-人民网 [13th National Congress of the RCCK and the Commemorative Meeting of the 70th Anniversary of RCCK Open in Beijing; Wang Huning Delivers a Congratulatory Speech on Behalf of the CPC Central Committee]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 20 December 2017. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  10. ^ 中国国民党革命委员会章程（2017年12月23日）-人民资讯-人民网 [Constitution of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (December 23, 2017)]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (in Chinese). 23 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 July 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  11. ^ "我国八个民主党派排序考". Lishui Municipal Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  12. ^ "民革中央机构" [Central Organization of the RCCK]. Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 8 August 2008. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  13. ^ "Unity Daily" 团结报数字报 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  14. ^ "Full Text: China's Political Party System: Cooperation and Consultation". State Council Information Office. 25 June 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
  15. ^ "Zheng Jianbang elected chairman of Chinese KMT Revolutionary Committee". Xinhua News Agency. 11 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Introduction to the Central Leadership of the national Revolutionary Committee (including current and previous leaders)" 民革中央领导简介（包括现任领导、历届领导）. Minge.gov.cn (in Chinese). 24 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  17. ^ United States. Joint Publications Research Service (1985). China report: political, sociological and military affairs, Issues 19-24. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. p. 103. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
  18. ^ 《中国人名大辞典》编辑部 (1994). Who's who in China current leaders. Foreign Languages Press. p. 185. ISBN 7-119-00725-4. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
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